MEPX
Chapter 6 of 10All chapters

Chapter 6 of 10

Confidence and error

Saying how sure you are.

Margin of error

A survey result is an estimate with a range around it. A confidence interval says that a method like this one captures the true value in, say, 95 percent of repeated samples.

  • It describes the procedure over many samples, not this single result.
  • Two intervals that overlap heavily are not meaningfully different.

Reporting honestly

A figure quoted without an interval is quoted without its uncertainty. Small subgroups have wide intervals, which is why breakdowns often mean nothing.